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Subpoena Witness Fees:
Federal & State Guide


What you must tender with a subpoena — the federal $40/day fee under 28 U.S.C. § 1821, GSA mileage, and the rules in all 50 states and D.C. Use the free calculator below, then search the state table. Served 123 LLC domesticates, serves, and advances the witness fee nationwide.

$40/day federal 50 States + D.C. 28 U.S.C. § 1821 Free calculator

A subpoena witness fee is the statutory attendance fee — and the travel or mileage allowance — that a witness is entitled to receive for complying with a subpoena. In most jurisdictions, the fee for at least one day's attendance plus mileage must be tendered to the witness at the moment the subpoena is served. Get the amount wrong, or tender nothing at all, and the subpoena can be unenforceable. This guide covers the federal baseline, a calculator, and a searchable rate table for every state.

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Serving out of state? We domesticate, serve, and advance the witness fee under the destination state's rules. Subpoena domestication →
Before Service Goes Out

Five things to confirm on every subpoena.

  • Whether the fee must be tendered at service for this subpoena type
  • Trial vs. deposition vs. records-only — the rate can differ
  • Whether mileage follows a fixed rate or a separate schedule
  • Whether the state requires no fee for fact witnesses
  • The current governing statute — rates change

Federal Baseline — 28 U.S.C. § 1821 & FRCP 45

Daily Attendance Fee
$40.00
Per day of attendance, including necessary travel days · 28 U.S.C. § 1821(b)
Mileage (Round Trip)
Tracks the GSA standard mileage rate under 5 U.S.C. § 5704 — updated annually, so verify the current figure
Subsistence (Overnight)
GSA Per Diem
Lodging and meals follow federal per-diem schedules when an overnight stay is required · § 1821(d)
Tender requirement — FRCP 45(b)(1): the fees for one day's attendance and the mileage must be tendered concurrently with service. A subpoena served without the required fee is procedurally defective and unenforceable. Fees and mileage need not be tendered when the subpoena issues on behalf of the United States or its officers and agencies.

Beyond the daily fee and mileage, 28 U.S.C. § 1821 also entitles a federal witness to the actual cost of common-carrier travel (air, rail, or bus at the most economical reasonable rate, with receipts), and to tolls, parking, and taxi fares between lodging and terminals. When the place of attendance is far enough from the witness's residence to require an overnight stay, a subsistence allowance at the applicable federal per-diem rate is added. Because the mileage allowance tracks the GSA rate that changes each calendar year, the only federal figure that stays fixed is the $40 daily attendance fee — always verify the current mileage rate before you tender.

Witness Fee Calculator

Federal & State Estimator

Estimate the Fee to Tender

Measure the route on the embedded map, then estimate the attendance fee and mileage under the federal rule or any of the 50 states and D.C.

1Measure the drive
Tap map to set:
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Set point A and B to measure the route
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Start typing to pick a U.S. address, drag the A/B pins, tap the map, or use GPS. The one-way driving distance fills in and updates your estimate automatically — or just type the miles.

2Jurisdiction & details
Verify
Federal estimate28 U.S.C. § 1821
Tender (FRCP 45(b)(1)): one day's attendance fee plus mileage must be tendered with the subpoena at service, or it is unenforceable. No tender is required for subpoenas issued on behalf of the United States or its agencies.
State estimate
Estimate only. Witness-fee statutes, mileage bases, and local court rules change and vary by case type (trial, deposition, or records-only). Verify the current statute and local rules before tendering. Where a state sets mileage by a separate employee or court schedule, that portion is flagged rather than calculated. Served 123 LLC advances the witness fee on your behalf and itemizes it on your quote.

Serving a subpoena out of state? We domesticate, serve, and advance the witness fee.

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State-by-State Reference — All 50 States + D.C.

General statutory rates for civil matters. Rates and mileage bases change and vary by case type — always verify the current statute and local rules before service.

51 entries
StateDaily FeeTravel / MileageStatute
Alabama$1.50/day$0.05/mile round tripAL Code § 12-19-131
Alaska$12.50 (≤3 hrs) / $25.00 (>3 hrs)State employee rate if >30 milesAS 24.25.050
Arizona$12.00/day$0.20/mile one wayA.R.S. § 12-303
Arkansas$30.00/day$0.25/mile round tripArk. R. Civ. P. 45(e)
California$35.00/day$0.20/mile round trip; $15 for recordsCal. Gov. Code § 68093
Colorado$2.00/dayPublished state mileage schedule§ 13-33-102 C.R.S.
Connecticut$0.50/dayState employee mileage rateConn. Gen. Stat. § 52-260
Delaware$2.00/day$0.03/mile round trip70 Del. Laws § 8903
Florida$5.00/day ($7.50 in-county)$0.06/mile round tripFla. Stat. § 92.142
Georgia$25.00/day$0.45/mile round tripOCGA § 24-13-25
Hawaii$4.00/day$0.20/mile round tripHRS § 607-12
Idaho$20.00/day$0.30/mile one wayIRFLP 901
Illinois$20.00/day$0.20/mile round trip705 ILCS 35/4.3
Indiana$5.00/day (criminal: $15.00/day)State employee mileage rateI.C. § 33-37-10-2
Iowa$10.00 (full) / $5.00 (half day)State supreme court scheduleIowa Code § 622.69
Kansas$10.00/dayState rate if >1 mileK.S.A. § 28-125
KentuckyNot RequiredNo fee required under KY rules
Louisiana$25.00/day$5.00/day hotel & mealsLA Rev. Stat. § 13:3661
Maine$10.00/day$0.22/mile round trip16 M.R.S. § 251
MarylandNot RequiredNo mileage (fact witnesses)No fee required for fact witnesses
Massachusetts$6.00/day$0.10/mile round tripM.G.L. c. 262 § 29
Michigan$12.00 (full) / $6.00 (half day)State employee mileage rateMCL § 600.2335
Minnesota$20.00/day$0.28/mile round tripMinn. Stat. § 357.22
Mississippi$1.50/day$0.05/mile round tripMiss. Code Ann. § 25-7-47
Missouri$5.00/day$0.07/mile round tripMo. Rev. Stat. § 491.280
Montana$10.00/day$0.17/mile round tripMCA § 26-2-502
Nebraska$20.00/dayState rate if >1 mileNeb. Rev. Stat. § 25-1228
Nevada$25.00/dayState employee mileage rateNRS § 50.225
New Hampshire$24.00 (civil) / $30.00 (criminal)None specifiedN.H. Rev. Stat. § 516:16
New Jersey$2.00/day$2.00 per 30 miles traveledN.J. Court Rules 1:9-2
New Mexico$95.00/dayFlat rate — no mileage specifiedNMSA § 38-6-4
New York$15.00/day$0.23/mile round tripCPLR § 8001
North Carolina$5.00/dayState employee mileage rateN.C.G.S. § 6-51
North Dakota$25.00/dayState employee mileage rateN.D.C.C. § 31-01-16
Ohio$12.00 (full) / $6.00 (half day)$0.10/mile round tripORC § 2335.06
Oklahoma$10.00/dayState employee mileage rate28A O.S. § 28-81
Oregon$30.00/day$0.25/mile round tripORS 44.415
Pennsylvania$5.00/day$0.07/mile round trip42 Pa.C.S. § 5903
Rhode Island$10.00/day$0.10/mile round tripG.L. § 9-29-7
South Carolina$25.00/dayState employee mileage rateS.C. R. Civ. P. 45(b)(1)
South Dakota$20.00/dayState employee mileage rateSDCL § 19-5-1
Tennessee$1.00/day (court) / $30.00 (civil subpoena)$0.04/mile or state rate if >10 milesT.C.A. § 24-4-101
Texas$10.00/dayFlat fee; mileage includedTex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. § 22.001
Utah$18.50 (day 1) / $49.00 (subsequent)$1.00 per 4 miles after first 50Utah Code Ann. § 78B-1-119
Vermont$30.00/dayState employee mileage rate32 V.S.A. § 1551
Virginia$5.00/dayState employee mileage rateCode of Va. § 17.1-610
Washington$10.00–$25.00/day (county-dependent)County-dependent mileage ratesRCW 2.40.010
West Virginia$10.00/day$0.10/mile round tripW. Va. Code § 59-1-14
Wisconsin$16.00/day$0.20/mile round tripWis. Stat. § 814.67
Wyoming$30.00 (full) / $15.00 (half day)$0.23/mile round tripU.R.D.C. 501(a)(3)(B)(i)
District of Columbia$40.00/dayFollows federal GSA rateD.C. Code § 14-305

How Subpoena Witness Fees Work

Who pays the witness fee

The party issuing the subpoena pays the witness fee. The fee is tendered to the witness — not to the court — and in most jurisdictions it accompanies the subpoena at the moment of service. When Served 123 serves on your behalf, we calculate the correct statutory amount for the jurisdiction, advance it, tender it with the subpoena, and itemize it on your quote so nothing is missed.

When the fee must be tendered

Under FRCP 45(b)(1) and the majority of state rules, the fee for one day's attendance plus the mileage allowance must be tendered at the time the subpoena is served. This is a precondition to a valid service, not an afterthought — the witness is entitled to have the money in hand before being obligated to appear. A handful of jurisdictions allow the fee to be paid on demand or shortly after service, but the safe and standard practice is to tender with the subpoena.

Trial, deposition, and records-only subpoenas

The statutory attendance fee usually applies whether a witness is compelled for trial or a deposition, because both require the witness's personal attendance. A records-only subpoena (a subpoena duces tecum seeking documents without live testimony) is treated differently in some states — California, for example, sets a separate, lower figure for the production of business records. Several states also publish distinct criminal-case rates. Confirm which rate applies to your specific subpoena type before tendering.

How mileage is calculated

Mileage compensates the witness for travel between their residence and the place of attendance. The federal allowance tracks the GSA standard mileage rate and is computed on the round trip. States diverge in two ways that matter:

  • Basis — some states pay per round-trip mile, others per one-way mile. The same cents-per-mile figure produces very different totals depending on which basis applies.
  • Source — many states don't fix a cents-per-mile figure at all; they tie mileage to the state-employee travel rate or a separate court schedule that updates independently of the witness-fee statute.

That is why the calculator above flags, rather than guesses, the mileage for states that use a separate schedule — tendering an outdated or wrong mileage figure is one of the most common ways a subpoena is challenged.

What happens if you serve without the fee

A subpoena served without the required fee tendered is procedurally defective. The witness can decline to comply, and a court can quash the subpoena or refuse to hold the witness in contempt. In practice this means lost time, a re-service, and a missed deadline — the entire reason the tender rule is treated as non-negotiable in professional service.

The government exemption

FRCP 45(b)(1) expressly provides that fees and mileage need not be tendered when a subpoena is issued on behalf of the United States or any of its officers or agencies. Many states have a parallel exemption for government-issued subpoenas. The exemption is narrow — it does not extend to private litigants — so unless the issuing party is a government entity, plan to tender the fee.

Out-of-state and domesticated subpoenas

When a case pending in one state needs testimony or records from a witness in another, the foreign subpoena is domesticated in the witness's state and served under that state's rules — including its witness-fee and mileage rules. The fee owed is generally the destination state's statutory amount, not the originating state's. Served 123 LLC handles the full chain: we domesticate the subpoena, serve it under the destination state's procedure, advance the correct witness fee, and return court-ready proof.

Subpoena Witness Fee FAQ

Subpoena witness fees are the statutory attendance fee and travel or mileage allowance a witness is entitled to for complying with a subpoena. In most jurisdictions the fee for at least one day's attendance plus mileage must be tendered to the witness at the time of service. The amounts are set by statute and differ between the federal courts and each state.

The party that issues the subpoena pays. The fee is tendered to the witness, typically at service, by or on behalf of the issuing party. Served 123 LLC advances the witness fee on your behalf when we serve and itemizes it on your quote, so the correct amount is tendered at service without you preparing a separate check.

Under the federal rule and most state rules, the fee for one day's attendance plus the mileage allowance must be tendered together with the subpoena at the time of service. Tendering after service, or not at all, can render the subpoena unenforceable, so the fee is normally delivered with the subpoena itself.

Under 28 U.S.C. § 1821(b), a federal witness is paid an attendance fee of $40.00 per day. The witness is also entitled to a mileage allowance equal to the GSA rate prescribed for federal employees under 5 U.S.C. § 5704, plus actual common-carrier costs and a subsistence (per-diem) allowance when an overnight stay is required.

FRCP 45(b)(1) requires that the fees for one day's attendance and the mileage be tendered when the subpoena is served. A subpoena served without the required fee is procedurally defective and generally unenforceable — the witness can't be compelled to comply. Most states impose a similar tender requirement.

They can. Many jurisdictions apply the same attendance fee whether the witness is subpoenaed for trial or a deposition, but records-only (subpoena duces tecum) requests sometimes carry a different or reduced fee, and some states set separate criminal-case rates. Confirm the rule for the specific subpoena type and jurisdiction before tendering.

Mileage is generally based on the distance between the witness's residence and the place of attendance. Federal mileage tracks the GSA standard rate and is computed round trip. States vary: some set a fixed cents-per-mile rate (round trip or one way), and others tie mileage to a separate state-employee or court schedule. Confirm the basis before computing — the calculator above flags states that use a separate schedule.

Under FRCP 45(b)(1), fees and mileage need not be tendered when the subpoena is issued on behalf of the United States or any of its officers or agencies. This exemption is specific to government-issued subpoenas; private litigants must still tender the fee.

No. Most states set a statutory daily fee, but a few don't require a fee for ordinary fact witnesses. Where a fee is required, the amount ranges widely — from about a dollar a day in some states to a flat rate in the tens of dollars in others. The state-by-state table on this page lists the general civil rate and the governing statute.

When a subpoena issued in one state is domesticated for a witness in another, the witness-fee rules of the state where the witness is located and served generally govern. Served 123 LLC domesticates the subpoena, serves it under the destination state's rules, and advances the correct statutory witness fee, itemized on your quote.

The statutory witness fee is the baseline owed to any subpoenaed witness, including experts, for attendance. Experts may separately negotiate or be entitled to professional compensation for deposition or trial testimony under applicable rules, but that professional fee is distinct from the statutory attendance and mileage fee discussed here.

Yes. When we serve a subpoena, we calculate the correct statutory attendance fee and mileage for the jurisdiction, advance it on your behalf, tender it with the subpoena at service, and itemize it on your quote — so the subpoena is served correctly and remains enforceable.

Subpoena Service, Handled End to End

We domesticate, serve, and advance the witness fee — so your subpoena is enforceable and your proof is court-ready.

Correct statutory attendance fee and mileage calculated for the jurisdiction.
Witness fee advanced on your behalf and itemized on your quote.
Fee tendered with the subpoena at service, keeping it enforceable.
UIDDA and non-UIDDA domestication across all 50 states, D.C., and Puerto Rico.
Court-ready affidavit of service returned on completion.
One coordinated workflow from foreign subpoena to served proof.
Need a subpoena served — with the fee handled?
Send the jurisdiction, recipient, and deadline for a free, no-obligation quote. We respond within 5–10 minutes during business hours.